Annotations to the Black Dossier

by Jess Nevins

Updated 2 February 12:11 p.m. CST.
Updates in blue.


The text here, except where otherwise quoted, is copyright © Jess Nevins 2008. It may not be reproduced in part or in full without credit being given to me.

The book version of these annotations will be Impossible Territories and will be published by MonkeyBrain Books in July, 2008. The book will have greatly expanded annotations (I'll give context to things that I mention in passing here), interviews with Alan Moore and Kevin O'Neill, and whatever other goodies and extras I can manage to put in to it.

Warning: There are some Bad Words used in these annotations. If you’re under 18 or have a delicate disposition, look away.

In order to avoid spoiling some reveals and surprises, some things will not be explained on their first appearance.

References are explained the first time they appear, and not thereafter.

Moving clockwise unless otherwise noted.

If you have any additions, corrections, or suggestions, please send them to me at jjnevins@ix.netcom.com. But, as a favor to me, please phrase your e-mails politely.

Also: remember W.H. Auden's words:
Judging a work of art is virtually the same mental operation as judging human beings, and requires the same aptitudes: first, a real love of works of art, an inclination to praise rather than blame, and regret when a complete rejection is required; second, a vast experience of all artistic activities; and last, an awareness, openly and happily accepted, of one’s own prejudices. Some critics fail because they are pedants whose ideal of perfection is always offended by a concrete realization. Others fail because they are insular and hostile to what is alien to them; these critics, yielding to their prejudices without knowing they have them and sincerely offering judgments they believe to be objective, are more excusable than those who, aware of their prejudices, lack the courage to enter the lists to defend their personal tastes.
Front Cover. If the sword is a reference to anything, I’m unaware of it. Philip & Emily Graves write, "Looks like some Martian on the sword's blade, so could it be Gullivar's or Carter's.....?" Stu Shiffman writes, "I had wondered whether the sword was supposed to be Orlando’s Durendal, but John Carter’s might be as possible (tho as a Virginian gentleman, Carter would be more likely to leave it to the Smithsonian or perhaps the Jeffersonian Institution of TV’s “Bones” series)." But see Page 119.

I believe the quartet of men wearing owl masks and Elizabethan clothing are from a penny dreadful, but I’ve been unable to place it. Stu Shiffman believes they are from the Blazing World.

I don’t know what the rocket refers to, if anything. It’s similar to the one seen on Page 142. Kevin O'Neill says that it's from the movie Flight to Mars.

I’m not sure what that thing to the right of the rocket is. Possibly one of the Martians wearing gasmasks from the first issue of League v2?

The blonde woman is Mina Murray, from Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897). The man running with her is Allan Quatermain, from H. Rider Haggard’s series of books. He is young because he was rejuvenated in the Fires of Life as described in the text pages of League v2.

I'm not sure what the spiral-tipped stone statue is. Shawn Garrett notes that it appears on Page 30, Panel 2.

The painting is of the 1898 League, featuring H. Rider Haggard’s Allan Quatermain, Robert Louis Stevenson’s Edward Hyde, Jules Verne’s Captain Nemo, and H.G. Wells’ Invisible Man.

Page 1. Kevin O'Neill identifies this logo as a riff on the Festival of Britain logo:

Festival of Britain Logo

Page 2. “Keep Calm and Carry On” was one of the phrases used by British government during World War Two to encourage the British people to keep a stiff upper lip, especially during the Battle of the Blitz, when London was being pounded by nightly bombings. However, the original poster with “Keep Calm and Carry On” looked like this:

Keep Calm and Carry On

The gate, chains, and jagged lightning bolts replacing the crown gives another indication about what England has become in the alternate history of Black Dossier.

Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "This poster was apparently never actually issued, but was held in reserve in case Britain got invaded. You can read all about it here where, amongst other things, it says But the 'Keep Calm' posters were held in reserve, intended for use only in times of crisis or invasion. Although some may have found there way onto Government office walls, the poster was never officially issued and so remained virtually unseen by the public - unseen, that is, until a copy turned up more than fifty years later in a box of dusty old books bought in auction. You can buy a copy of the poster here, if you want, and there's all sorts of other stuff with it on, like t-shirts, to be found here."

Page 4. The Daily Brute is a reference to Evelyn Waugh’s Scoop (1938). Scoop, routinely voted one of the best novels of the 20th century, is a scathing savaging of the English sensationalist press. In Scoop the newspaper for which the protagonist works is the Daily Beast. Its main rival, even more base and yellow, is the Daily Brute. (For modern British readers, think Daily Mail, only even worse).

Page 5. Philip & Emily Graves write, "Can't place the letters "AIHD" (an acronym?), but '84' is obvious enough, while July 1948 is when Orwell returned to Jura and re-commenced work on his novel, after having been delayed through illness."
    Guy Lawley writes, "The ID card carries the initials AIHD which when rendered into numbers (as per position in the alphabet) = 1984"
    Tristan Sargent writes,
I'm surprised no British readers have commented that this doubles as a very contemporary reference, like the surveillance cameras/telescreens referred to later.  Currently there is an ongoing campaign by the Labour government to bring in Identity Cards, supposedly as a counter-terrorism measure - though this argument has essentially bitten the dust and the government are pressing on with the argument that it's all to save the people from the scourge of Identity Theft.  Either way, ID Cards are enormously controversial in Britain right now, especially as, once introduced, it would in theory be a legal requirement to carry them at all times (a measure popularly cited as part of the progress toward a 'Big Brother state').  Britain previously had ID cards during the Second World War, and afterwards, but they were finally withdrawn in the 1950s, somewhat consistent with the fall of the IngSoc regime depicted in this comic.  An additional irony worth considering is that 'George Orwell', the famous British socialist who envisioned the tyranny of 1984, of course was a pseudonym for a man named 'Blair'...

Anyway, the ID card is in keeping with Orwell, but I'd say it's also a contemporary reference, without question.

Ian Gould writes, "I'm reasonably sure the identity card is based on the cards initially issued for the British Nation Health Service – which commenced in July 1948. Calling a government bureaucracy responsible for treating illness the National Health Service is in the finest traditions of Newspeak."

Andrew Hickey wrote, "The identity Card here is obviously a reference to the current British controversy over the planned introduction of ID cards, but is also a reference to the 'this book belongs to' pages that used to appear in children's annuals in the UK (whose format the Black Dossier is aping). Also, it's probably a coincidence, but the look of this page reminds me of "The Goodies' Book Of (Criminal) Records", one of three books put out by the British comedy team The Goodies (contemporaries of the Monty Python team) in the 1970s. The three books ( "The Goodies File", "The Goodies' Book Of Criminal Records" and "The Making Of The Goodies' Disaster Movie") were all done in the same style as the Black Dossier, comprising lots of different bits meant to be clippings from magazines, notes etc, and the first two were even meant to be secret dossiers on the Goodies..."

“If found return to MiniLuv.”
“MiniLuv” is an example of newspeak, which appears in George Orwell’s 1984 (1949). 1984, a classic of dystopian fiction, describes life under the rule of the totalitarian government of “Oceania.” One of Oceania’s malign innovations is to impose newspeak on its citizens. Newspeak is an artificially constructed language designed to remove as many words and meanings as possible from conversation, with the intention being to leave speakers capable of describing, and conceiving of, concepts in only simplistic dichotomies: black and white, good and evil, and so on. Toward this end words are merged together and shortened, so that “English Socialism” becomes “IngSoc.” “MiniLuv” stands for the “Ministry of Love,” the government department which uses fear, brainwashing, and torture to enforce loyalty to and love of Big Brother, the leader of Oceania.

Pages 6-7. This is a parody of that classic of graphic design, the map of the London Tube. David A. Simpson writes, "This may also reference The Great Bear, an artwork by Simon Patterson in which he replaced the station names on the London Underground diagram with the names of philosophers, actors, politicians and other celebrated figures."

Philip & Emily Graves write, "Many puns here: Maida Jump, Court Short, Turnham Blue, Colouring Inn, Tooting Bottom, Eating Broadly, Rothernot, Pen Stroke Newington, Upper Etching, H.B. Row, Ink Staines, Whiteout City, etc. Also no wonder than Mr Moore's line would include "Chin Topiary" "Barking" and "Very Cross"...
Many of these are clearly riffs on actual underground stations (while Pen Stroke Newington and Ink Staines allude to the areas of London named Stoke Newington and Staines respectively). Some of these include:
Maida Jump (Maida Vale),
(Earl's) Court Short,
Dunbiers Wood (Colliers Wood),
Tooting Bottom (Tooting Bec)
Parsons Nose (Parsons Green)
Eating Broadly (Fulham Broadway)
Rothernot (Rotherhithe),
Finner (Pinner),
Faxbridge (Uxbridge),
East Team (East Ham),
Arson Elbow (Arsenal),
Barking (Barking),
Whiteout City (White City),
Very Cross (Charing/New Cross).
More subtlely, 'Umber' could play on "Burnt Oak" and 'Chin Topiary' allude to the "Barbican". (Interesting that "Moorgate", "Moor Park" and "Bond Street" didn't make it onto the map.)

"(John Nee) - Extension delayed subject to mood" and "(ABC) - Closed for the duration" are both legends the like of which appear in Underground stations from time to time, and whose associated double meanings are obvious here.

"Monument" Station also serves as one for Bill Oakley (1964-2004), to whom this volume is dedicated."
Steve Daldry writes to correct one part of the preceding: "Eating Broadly is more than likely a reference to Ealing Broadway rather than Fulham." James Parry pointed that out as well.

"teamy teamy" writes, "
Arson Elbow is obviously 'Arse and Elbow' two pieces of anatomy which are only ever used together in Britain in the phrase "Doesn't know his/her arse from his elbow." meaning someone who doesn't know what they are doing. Also Parson's Nose is the part of a roast chicken that is what's left of what would have been the anus. Is this a reference to someone being an arsehole?"

“If experiencing nausea while in the nether regions, keep hat firmly on, lay back, and think of England.”
“Lie back and think of England” is the advice supposedly given to daughters, by mothers, during the Victorian era about how to survive the wedding night and the loss of virginity, since (supposedly) Victorian women couldn’t conceive of a proper woman enjoying sex. This is ahistorical nonsense, of course, and “lie back and think of England” was not standard advice, or even widely said. The quote attributed to "Lady Hillingdon" is spurious, and Gathorne-Hardy, the source of the Lady Hillingdon quote, himself says that the quote is "somewhat suspect." I repeat: "lie back and think of England" was not standard advice or even widely said, if at all.

“The Blazing World” is a reference to Observations upon Experimental Philosophy. To which is added the Description of a New Blazing World. Written by the Thrice Noble, Illustrious and Excellent Princess, The Duchess of Newcastle (1666), by Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle. The Blazing World is a classic of the Imaginary Voyage genre and was referred to in League v2.

“Ray Zone” is a reference to Ray Zone, who did the 3D art for Black Dossier.

Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes:
Various things can be seen or inferred here, although no doubt some of this is entirely in my imagination.

There are two real stations mentioned, Barking and Monument.

Alan Moore: Black line (Northern)
Black is probably appropriate for Moore, as he's usually photographed dressed in black.

Moore's line has junctions with O'Neill, Dimagmaliw, Oakley and Klein, but, perhaps signigficantly, not with Dunbier or Quinn. (There is some sort of unidentified link from Dunbier's line to Moore's, which may indicate some link between them personally.)

East Buttock & West Buttock: This may indicate Moore having to figuratively 'bend over and spread 'em' for DC.

In general Moore's stations seem to be him poking fun at his own public image, like Rumour mill, Barking and Very Cross. Pi is also interesting, as the irrational number Pi(3.1415 etc) is the number he ascribes to the 'imaginary' sphere, Daath, in issue #20 of Promethea. E=mc2 is *almost* MCC, the home of English Cricket.

Kevin O'Neill: Red line(Central)
The fact that O'Neill has the red line might be a play on the banking meaning of being 'in the red,' that is being 'overdrawn.' O'Neill is also 'Subject to delay at all times.' I'm fairly sure there was some reference to his slow progress with the art in the early pages of one of the other LoEG volumes.

Staines is where Sacha Baron Cohen's Ali G comes from.

Conté make crayons.

Crazy Town was a 1932 Betty Boop movie.

Various interesting people come from Stoke Newington, including Daniel Defoe, and more particularly Stewart Lee, stand-up comedian and good friend of Alan Moore.

Benjamin Wood writes, "The stop 'Spent' at the end of the pink line is a reference to the BBC radio series 'The League of Gentlemen' which was set in the fictional town of Spent, when it moved to TV the towns name was changed to Royston Vasey."

Page 8. The two ads on the right side of this page are legitimate.

The cartoon on the lower left is done in the style of New Yorker cartoons from the 1950s and 1960s. The cartoon’s artist, “Arnie Packer,” is a reference to the “Winged Avenger” episode of the British tv series The Avengers. In “The Winged Avenger” an evil cartoonist named “Arnie Packer” is responsible for a series of murders.
    Pádraig Ó Méalóid says, "the artwork for the comic strip was actually done by UK comics artist Frank Bellamy," and points us to this site, which has samples of the comic art.

Page 9. Panel 1. If the Malibu Hotel is a reference to something, I’m unaware of it.

The headline in lower center, “Melchester Rovers Scandal,” is a reference to the British comic Roy of the Rovers (1954-1993), in which the hero Roy Race plays football for the Melchester Rovers.

The headline on the right, “Knightsbridge Ape-Men,” is a reference to “Quatermass and the Pit” (1958), the third Professor Quatermass BBC serial. In it, the bones of ape-men, unearthed in Knightsbridge, lead to the revelation of the Martian influence on the evolution of humanity.

Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes,
There is a large head on a flat-bed truck in the top left-hand corner, possibly from a statue of Big Brother?

Is it possible that the blond-haired man in the lower left-hand corner is a young John Constantine? Well, now that I look him up, obviously not, as he's meant to have been born in 1953. Some searching around leads me to guess that this might be a character from Colin McInnes's Absolute Beginners, which is set in 1958. Not sure who exactly, but someone will probably know more about this. It's possibly the nameless narrator.

Presumably the man with the briefcase in the front middle is someone, but I've no idea who. Likewise the two men speaking at the very front middle.

Tristan Sargent writes, regarding the truck with the statue, "This is a reference to the photograph used as the cover to Misha Glenny's The Rebirth of History...it's a picture from the late 80s after the fall of Communism in Europe - the head being Stalin's, and the vehicle clearly being the same as the one in the comic.  I'm sure your other contributer is correct, therefore, about the head being Big Brother's.  It makes a nice partner to the fallen statue later on that echoes the statue of Saddam Hussein pulled down in 2003."

Panel 3. “Will Wilson return for Olympics?” reference is to Wilson, the mysterious, superhuman teenaged athlete from the British comics Wizard, Hotspur, and Hornet (1943-1963). Wilson, born in 1806, achieved longevity and athletic prowess from special breathing exercises and a diet of gruel, nuts, berries, and wild roots. In one episode he breaks the world long jump record while running a three-minute mile.
    Damian Gordon notes that Wilson was brought back as “the Man in Black” in the British comic Spike in 1983.

Panels 4-6. Jack & Annie Walker were characters on the long-running British soap Coronation Street. The Walkers were landlords of the Rovers Return Inn. (Hence the comment in Panel 6 that “our rovin’ days are over”).

Panel 4. Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes "You can see a pen in JB's top pocket..."

Panel 5. “Straight after election she ‘ad all cameras took out, the lot.”
The England of 1984 was of course under constant observation from the government of Oceania, but I think this is also an allusion by Moore to England as it is now, with over four million cameras watching the British at all times.

Panel 6. “Victory Gin is Doubleplus Good For You.”
“Victory Gin” is the only authorized alcohol in Orwell’s 1984. “Doubleplus” is another use of newspeak (see Page 5). I will refrain from noting the use of newspeak from this point on—suffice it to say that there’s a lot of it in here.
    Ken Shinn adds, "This is also a parody of a long-standing advertising slogan for the famous Guinness stout (which ran throughout the 50s and 60s - maybe later) which ran, "Guinness Is Good For You". It's been memorably parodied by Gilbert Shelton in his Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers saga "The Idiots Abroad", where a London advertising hoarding boldly proclaims that "HEDGEHOG STOUT WON'T KILL YOU"."
    Pádraig Ó Méalóid adds, "Victory Gin: It's Doubleplus Good For You. This echoes the famous advertising slogan 'Guinness is Good For You,' said to have been written by Britrish crime novelist Dorothy L Sayers when she worked as a copywriter for Benson's Advertising."

The “V” cigarettes that the blonde woman is smoking here are likely “Victory cigarettes,” also from 1984.
    Richardthinks notes that Victory Cigarettes were a real brand, as seen here. Damian Gordon adds, "Victory Cigarettes are featured as a central plot point in  "Columbo: Caution - Murder Can Be Hazardous to Your Health" with George Hamilton (fake orange tan and all) injecting posion into the cigarettes." Pádraig Ó Méalóid adds, "If I remember rightly, victory Cigarettes were so badly made that they needed to be held in a horizontal position to prevent the tobacco from falling out."

Panel 7. “I’ll have a vodka martini over ice…and stir that, if you would. Otherwise it bruises the alcohol.”
“Shaken, not stirred” is the cliched quote from Ian Fleming’s James Bond (who as will be seen is the speaker here). However, Bond never said, “shaken, not stirred.” His stated preference for martinis appears in the first Bond novel, Casino Royale:
"A dry martini," he said. "One. In a deep champagne goblet."
"Oui, monsieur."
"Just a moment. Three measures of Gordon's, one of vodka, half a measure of Kina Lillet. Shake it very well until it's ice-cold, then add a large thin slice of lemon-peel. Got it?"
The bruising of the alcohol comes when a martini is shaken. Shaking a martini during its preparation adds air into the drink and “bruises” the alcohol, making the drink taste too bitter. Greg Terry writes, "The thing is from everything I have ever read about alcohol, bruising only happens with a gin martini, with vodka it is not a concern. Although with shaking you melt more of the ice and you end up with a more watered down drink. Though you might be interested in this bit of information. I found this link about martinis if you want more info."

Philip & Emily Graves write, "I'm fairly sure I read somewhere that the iconic phrase was "Stirred, not shaken" in early film drafts, but that (Cubby Broccoli?) had it switched more for aesthetic reasons than anything els
e." And "Note the similarity between Bond's appearance here and the drawing commissioned to help the Daily Express artists for his newspaper strip, from 1957 onwards." Tim Chapman adds that Bond particularly remembers Hoagy Carmichael here. (See Page 155).
   
Eduard Habsburg writes, "the black comma of hair over the eye is standard in every description of Bond, e. g.: Opening lines of Casino Royale:
It was a dark, clean-cut face, with a three-inch scar showing whitely down the sunburned skin of the right cheek. The eyes were wide and level under straight, rather long black brows. The hair was black, parted on the left, and carelessly brushed so that a thick black comma fell down over the right eyebrow. The longish straight nose ran down to a short upper lip below which was a wide and finely drawn but cruel mouth. The line of jaw was straight and firm. A section of dark suit, white shirt and black knitted tie completed the picture.
"ASDF FDSA" writes, "James Bond does say "shaken, not stirred" in the Ian Fleming novels. The phrase is used variously in them, sometimes not said by him, but from Doctor No:
And I would like a medium Vodka dry Martini - with a slice of lemon peel. Shaken and not stirred, please. I would prefer Russian or Polish vodka.
The general consensus is that gin martinis be stirred, but the same is not true for Vodka martinis which need to be colder, and are shaken. Though cocktail experts tend to agree that the vodka martini is a horrible abominable drink not fit for consumption, only enjoyed by the uncultured. Also, only an idiot would ask for his martini to be served in a "deep champagne goblet," like Bond requests in Casino Royale."

Patrick Gillen writes, "In Kevin O'Neil's illustrations of James Bond, you can see the scar on his right cheek as described in Casino Royale. It's subtle, but it's definitely there."


Page 10. Panel 1. Apparently in the world of League Britain went to a U.K./U.S. monetary system, with 10 shillings equaling 1 dollar rather than (or in addition to) 20 shillings equalling 1 pound. Also, the face on the shilling note is Britannia, the personification of the British Empire. Modern pound notes have the Queen’s face on them, but the 1948 pound note had Britannia on it. Nevin Zehr corrects the preceding: "The British use of the dollar is not an invention of Alan Moore, but is in fact in accordance with how things are portrayed in "Nineteen Eighty-Four", in which dollars are the currency used in Airstrip One, and presumably all of Oceana."

Panel 4. "I'm Jimmy, by the way."
Philip & Emily Graves note that ""Jimmy Bond" was also the name used in the 1954 'Climax!' TVM version of Casino Royale, for its Americanised main character."
Peter Sanderson writes, "Moore makes his version of James Bond look even more foolish by giving him the same name as Jimmy Bond, James's nephew in the 1967 "Casino Royale" film, played by Woody Allen.  Note that in the 1967 movie, Jimmy turns out to be the villain, albeit an incompetent one."
    John Andrews writes, "Fleming was a member of the British Secret Service himself and wrote fictionalised accounts of his and other agents adventures to cope with his depression. However in James Bond: The Authorised Biography by John Pearson, Fleming writes the Bond stories as an ellaborate way of conving Soviet agents that he doesn't really exist. Therefore everyone has heard of James Bond in the real world. Perhaps in the world of the League something similar happened which is why Bond uses the name "Jimmy" rather than James?"
    Myles Lobdell writes, "
James Bond was actually referred to as Jimmy Bond on the back cover of the first American paperback edition of Casino Royale, retitled You Asked For It, and released in 1955."

“Bash Street,” “Rampaging Yobs,” and the picture are a reference to the British comic strip “Bash Street Kids,” created by British comics great Leo Baxendale (originally as “When the Bell Rings”) and appearing in Beano from 1954 to the present. The Bash Street Kids are a bunch of mischievous and ill-behaved children at the Bash Street School.
Pádraig Ó Méalóid adds, The two Bash Street Kids pictured are Danny and Wilfrid. I have a drawing of Wilfrid, done by Leo Baxendale, you know! 'Yob' is back-slang for 'Boy.'"

The “Asian Flu” may be a specific literary/cultural reference or just an allusion to the Asian flu epidemic in Britain during late 1950s. (And which, appropriately enough, killed Sax Rohmer, the creator of Fu Manchu).

Panel 8. Captain Morgan is a reference to Jet Morgan, who starred in the British radio serial Journey Into Space (1953-1958). Set in the distant future of 1965 (and in later series the early 1970s), Journey Into Space is about Captain Jet Morgan, “Doc” Matthews, “Mitch” Mitchell, and Lemmy Barnett, and their trip to the Moon and then to Mars.

Captain Dare is a reference to Dan Dare, the archetypal British comic science fiction hero. Created by Frank Hampson, Dan Dare has been appearing in various media since his debut in the comic Eagle in 1950. In the 1990s Dan Dare, chief pilot of the Interplanet Space Fleet, has adventures across the solar system, repeatedly coming into conflict with the Mekon, the evil ruler of the Treens of northern Venus.
    Damian Gordon notes that Dan Dare is a Colonel, not a Captain, in his original appearances.

Captain Logan is a reference to Jet-Ace Logan, who appeared in the British comics Comet (1956-1959) and Tiger (1959-1968). Royal Air Force Space Cadet Jim “Jet-Ace” Logan is a part of the R.A.F. Space Patrol and cruises about the solar system, fighting iniquitous aliens and finding adventure. David A. Simpson adds, "Jet-Ace Logan also appeared in Thriller Picture Library in the early sixties, with several of these being reprinted in the mid-seventies in Space Library Holiday Special."

Ed Berridge and Guy Lawley undo my ignorance about the man Bond pushes aside here and who rubs his head in panel 9: "the chap Jimmy pushes aside would appear to be L. Miller Watt's Pop, a newspaper strip that ran in the Daily Sketch from 1921-1960 (though Gordon Hogg took over as writer/artist from 1949)."

Panel 9. “Fighter ace dies” is presumably a reference to something, but the accompanying picture could refer to a number of characters. But see Page 16, Panel 8.

Page 11. Panel 4. Philip & Emily Graves write, "Jimmy has acquired the Harlequin-emblazoned cigarette case from his Grandfather, seen way back at the beginning, in V1I1P1.2."

Panel 5
. Peter Sanderson writes, "Actually, I'm a secret agent":  the way that Bond lights his cigarette with an eerie glow  reminds me of the Cigarette-Smoking Man in The X-Files."

Panel 6
. Meccania is a reference to Gregory Owen's Meccania, the Super-State (1918). Meccania is the ultimate in totalitarian dystopias, a state completely regimented and controlled by the government. For a Big Brother-ruled England, Meccania would be a natural enemy.

Panel 7. Kian Ross, Rich Weaver, and Jeff Patterson, among others, point out what I should have gotten: that the statue is of Mr. Hyde, as mentioned at the end of League v2. Adam J.B. Lane writes, "the semi-abstract quality of the hyde memorial statue makes me wonder if k.o. isn't referencing the work of british sculptor henry moore (1898-1986)." Damian Gordon writes, "In LoEG V2 it states that the artist who created the Hyde sculpture is Sir Jacob Epstein, and the Hyde statue definitely looks like his work."

Page 12. Panel 3. “O’Dette ‘Oodles’ O’Quim” is a riff on the salacious, single-entendre names Bond women and Bond’s female enemies usually have.
    I'd assumed that "quim" was commonly-known, but obviously note. Peter Sanderson, among others, writes: ""Oodles O'Quim":  until I looked it up, I didn't
know that "quim" is British slang for female genitalia.  I suspect I'm not the only American reader who didn't know that.  So "Oodles O'Quim" is the equivalent of "Pussy Galore." Mario di Giacomo writes "Oodles O'Quim is a better match to Plenty O'Toole, from Diamonds Are Forever." Peter Sanderson responds, "No,  I don't think so. "Quim" and "Pussy" both refer to female genitalia.  But when Plenty O'Toole introduces herself to Bond in the "Diamonds Are Forever" movie, he comments, "Named after your father, perhaps?""

Panel 7. There is a reference to a statue of Big Brother in 1984: “in Victory Square...near the statue of Big Brother on the tall fluted column with the lions at the foot.” The statue here doesn’t appear to be it, though.
    Peter Sanderson writes, "This indicates that in "1984" Trafalgar Square was renamed Victory Square, and Nelson's statue was replaced by a statue of Big Brother."
    Philip & Emily Graves write, "perhaps that *is* the statue of BB, which could indeed have replaced the statue of Hornblower in Trafalgar Square (as per Prospectus of London, 1901, p106), but it's now being torn down, and so may not fit the description from 1984 exactly."
    Cliff Schexnayder writes, "The removal of the statue seems particularly reminiscent of the efforts by the US forces to take down the statue of Saddam Hussein after taking Baghdad in 2003. I don't think this is an accident since the way the statue leans is in direct opposition to the way the ropes are draped upon it for removal." Pádraig Ó Méalóid noted this as well. Peter Gilham further compared it to Soviet-era statues being pulled down in former Soviet bloc countries.
    Giles Cresswell writes, "I believe this is meant to be Piccadilly Square with the statue of Eros replaced with the one in the panel. Piccadilly Square is where all of the big billboards are and the road layout seems more fitting. Please see these images. The statue to Eros is barely visible off to the left of the image. Compare this with Trafalgar Square - a statue on a tall column surrounded by large fountains."
    Drake writes, Confirmed that the statue is Big Brother.  In the novel 1984, Orwell says that the statue's hand is raised to 'point to where BB won the Battle of Airstrip One.' Note here, the statue indeed gestures to the sky."

Wow! was a British comic which appeared in 1982 and 1983, but I don’t believe the bus advert is a reference to that.

Maplins is a holiday camp in the British tv sitcom Hi-de-Hi! (1980-1988). Maplins is in the coastal town of Crimpton-on-Sea in Essex. As far as I know there’s no “Bluepool” in Hi-de-Hi!. Damian Gordon points out that Maplins is based on a real series of camps called Butlin’s Holiday Camps. James Parry writes, "About the 'Bluepool' reference on page 12, panel 7 of the Black Dossier. I'm sure someone has already suggested this but, similar to the pun underground station names earlier on, it could simply be a play on the traditional British seaside resort of Blackpool. While it's seen better days, its heyday as a tourist destination did just about stretch to the timeframe of the events in the 'Dossier."

“--is watching you” is the second half of the classic phrase “Big Brother is Watching You” from 1984.

John Dorrian writes,
Anyway, in a wide shot of a street scene in this section, we see an old lady, dressed in a black coat, wearing glasses and a hat with flowers on it, looking pissed off at a passing car. This woman is the Grandmother from the weekly Giles cartoons that ran in the Daily Express. Giles mostly did political cartoons, but he alternated between politics and domestic cartoons about an unnamed Family cast of characters he'd created. His work was extremely popular. Grandma was a fairly bad tempered old thing & was the basis for an even more violent character in Cerebus the Aardvark. (Dave Sim was a Giles fan, and his version of the character wasn't so much a 'homage' as it was Sim simply lifting the character wholesale from Giles and plopping her down in Cerebus.)
Philip & Emily Graves write, "That's Grandma, head of the Giles family berating a rather rude flat-capped individual." Michael Norwitz says the same thing.

Tim Chapman writes, "is that Tony Hancock in bottom left with arm raised? Eyebrows and jowels certainly look like him."

"teamy teamy" writes, "In between grandma Giles and the possible Tony Handcock there's a bald man with a moustache shouting at a black man and white girl. It's definitely Alf Garnett, Warren Clarke's bigoted alter ego from 'Til Death Us Do Part." It seems rather obvious why he'd be shouting at a white girl linking arms with a black man."

Page 13. Panel 1. “Airstrip One” is is what the British Isles are called in 1984. Airstrip One is part of Oceania (the Americas, Southern Africa, and Australia).

The “Anti-Sex League” is a reference to the government-backed organization, in 1984, which is devoted to eliminating the pleasurable aspect of sex. Members of the League are encouraged to have sex, but only once a week, and “for the good of the party.”

Panel 2.  In 1984 O’Brien is a member of the Inner Party, the ruling class of Oceania. In the novel O’Brien is responsible for torturing Winston Smith, the protagonist, into accepting Big Brother.

Panel 4. Jeff Wilson, among others, corrects me: “Freedom is Slavery” is not newspeak, but is one of the slogans of Oceania's ruling class. As Jeff says, "It cannot be newspeak, as Sime explains about 50 pages in, because newspeak will eliminate the concept of freedom." Tony Whitt adds that it is "an example of "doublethink", the ability to hold two contrary notions in one's head and to believe both of them.  "Newspeak" would refer only to words like "doubleplusgood", "crimethink", and, for that matter, "doublethink"." Pádraig Ó Méalóid noted this as well.

The shell marks on the Ministry of Love may seem unusual, but much of London was not fully rebuilt, following World War Two, until the mid- to late-1950s.

Page 14. Panel 1. The poster in the upper left is a combination of the “Big Brother Is Watching You” poster from 1956 British film version of 1984, and the mustached Big Brother from the 1984 American film version of 1984. Devin Cambridge notes, "The big brother poster makes reference to another British TV series: The Prisoner. “Be Watching You” is a variation of “Be Seeing You”, the common “goodby” given on the Prisoner Island. The full caption is truncated (with “brother” prominently removed yet we see the 1984 slogan in full in a future panel), thus giving us the prisoner reference."

The bust in the lower left is of Professor Moriarty (I think), replacing the bust of Napoleon which Moriarty kept when he was in charge of British Intelligence in League volume 1.

The symbol above the doors is the Masonic compass and right angle which was a recurring symbol in earlier League volumes. In Masonic lore the compass and right angle symbolize the instruments of both the Masons and God. Pádraig Ó Méalóid adds, "The Masonic symbol over the door in Panel 1 also echoes the letters M and W, which are made much play of throughout the book. And of course Mina's initials would be WM."

If the pith helmet and the sheathed sword are references to anything, I’m unaware of it. Damian Gordon suggests that they may be Quatermain’s. But I think Myles Lobdell has the truth of it:
if you are willing to give yourself eyestrain you can barely make out on the dark-blue tag attached to the bat, the words "Clicky-Ba".  The letters 'Cl-' on the first row and 'Ba' on the second row of the tag are the most legible, the other letters seem a scrawl. Thus, this apparent cricket bat, is none other than the 'club' of Chung, servant to the Wolf of Kabul, Bill Samson.  To explain the pith helmet, Samson was often described thus: "He walked with his hands thrust deep into his pockets, and a battered sun-helmet stuck on the back of his head". A sun-helmet is a common synonym for pith helmet.
For some reason, however, we all missed what Guy Lawley got, which is that both the pith hemet and cricket bat belong to William Samson of the 1940s League--see the notes to Page 148.

The bust with the question mark may be the bust of Baron von Münchhausen seen in the first League series. Jason Adams disagrees: "I don't think the bust is Baron Munnchausen, but rather it is the same bust of Britannia with the question mark helmet, as seen on the Cover and the stylized compass rose/union jack emblem from the inside cover flap and first few pages of the book. Along with the masonic compass and capital M (both seen, incidentally, on the door to the building on Page 13. Panel 4 and Panel 6), this depiction of Britannia is one of the main symbols of the League."

I’m unsure what the glass ball might be. Philip & Emily Graves write, "The glass ball (helmet) and 's' shirt are definitely connected, and look very similar indeed to this cover to Tom Swift and his Space Solartron." Terry Jones clears this one up: "the helmet and square tank and the red shirt with the 's' are definitely linked.  They come from Swift Morgan and the Flying Saucers' worn by the hero. This strip was illustrated (please get this right matey!) by the great Denis McLoughlin.  It's from the New Spaceways Comic Annual 1954, pub by The Popular Press. McLoughlin with whom I corresponded for a time, was also the creator of Roy Carson who is also referenced later in the BD in the first panel of the page when Allan and Mina are boarding the bus to Birmingham (in the poster for The Daily Post 'Roy Carson Horror'.) Clearly Mr Moore has jolly good taste! The 's' is is so small because the publisher feared litigation from DC comcis by the way!"

The giant skull is the Brobdingnagian skull, from Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels (1726), seen in League v1.

I’m not sure what the shirt with the “s” emblem is referring to. Andrew Kunka writes, "I think that the glass ball and the "s" shirt go together, as an underwater breating suit.  Not sure what it references, though.  Perhaps Tom Swift?"

I’m not sure who the portrait of the man in the bow-tie is a reference to.
Michael Norwitz wonders if it might the Dorian Gray. Adam J.B. Lane writes, "I suspect the portrait is that of dorian grey, returned to normal now that its subject is deceased." Peter Sanderson writes, "The Picture of Dorian Gray was a full-length portrait, whereas the picture in this panel only shows its subject's head and upper chest." John Andrews writes, "I believe the portrait on page 14 panel 1 is in fact Ian Fleming, the creator of James Bond, rather than Dorian Gray. Fleming often wore a bow tie and an expressition of of distain, just like the portrait here."  Pádraig Ó Méalóid concurs and provides a link to prove it.

On the bulletin board, the painting/picture, “Pacific Ocean July 1949,” and “Iron Fish?” are references to “Iron Fish,” from the British comic Beano from 1949-1968. The Iron Fish’s creator, Jimmy Grey, appeared in League v2. “The Iron Fish” is about two twins, Danny and Penny Gray, who pilot two “Iron Fish” submarines, both of which are built by their father, Professor Gray, who is the subject of the “Professor Gray Feared Lost” headline on the lower left of the board.
    Stu Shiffman sends this news article along.

“Bla- Sapp-“ is a reference to the titular character of the comic strip “The Black Sapper,” who appeared in the British comcs Rover and Hotspur for decades, beginning with The Rover #384 (Aug. 24, 1929). The Black Sapper is a costumed inventor/thief who uses The Earthworm, an enormous burrowing machine, to commit crimes. He reforms in the face of a Yellow Peril invasion of England. (Thanks to David A. Simpson for correcting me here).

Panel 2. The painting in the upper left is based on this:

Francis Walsingham

This is Sir Francis Walsingham (c. 1532-1590), the spymaster for Queen Elizabeth I in our world. However, as can be seen on Page 53, Walsingham has been replaced by someone else in the world of League. For who, see the notes to Page 53.

Panel 4. In 1984 Room 101 is “the worst thing in the world,” a torture chamber in the Ministry of Love where prisoners are subjected to their worst nightmares.

Panel 5. Ed Berridge writes, "the wicker chair here might well be supposed to suggest the similar object used as part of an (inadvertantly) homoerotic, testicular-oriented method or torture in Ian Fleming's Casino Royale."

Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "there is a cane behind the door. This is the kind of cane that is regularly used, largely by school teachers, to punish children - mainly male children, it must be said - in British comics, and was that common that I seem to recall that it would have made an appearance in pretty much every comic I read in my youth. Certainly deserving of a room that contains what people fear most."

Charles Cunyus notes, "You can also make out the rat torture mask used on Winston Smith by O'Brein in room 101." Joyce Cunyus adds, "The 'Ratmask'  here isn't identical to what you see used on Winston in 'Pornsec SexJane' Page 8, I believe what you see here is taken directly from the '1984' film with John Hurt and Richard Burton."

Panel 6. “Special village in Wales” a reference to the British tv series The Prisoner (1967), in which retired spies who too dangerous to their former employers are confined in a village. The location of the village was never specified, but the series was filmed in Portmeirion, which is in Wales.

Page 15. Panels 1-4. Bond is this hatefully misogynistic in the Ian Fleming books, if not in the films. And for them what don't believe me, or haven't read the Fleming books in a while, or at all, read Scott Lynch's take on the subject.
    Regarding this, Pádraig Ó Méalóid usefully points out "AM's 1986 introduction to Frank Miller's Dark Knight Returns, where he says "As our political and social consciousness continues to evolve, Alan Quartermain stands revealed as just another white imperialist out to exploit the natives and we begin to see that the overriding factor in James Bond's psychological makeup is his utter hatred and contempt for women.""

Panel 8. Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "Considering that Jimmy is beaten by a woman in Room 101, could this be what he is most afraid of? Would fear of women be what's behind him appalling misogyny? Moore doesn't do things by accident, so I think this happening to Bond in Room 101 is deliberate on Moore's part."

Panel 9. I believe that James Bond was once described as a “nasty little thug” but I’ve been unable to find the reference. David Alexander McDonald notes that in the most recent film version of Casino Royale M uses the word "thug" in describing Bond. Patrick Reumann gets it: "John Steed of the Avenger Show fight and beats Bond  in a fight at school and then call him a A "Nasty little Thug" in John Steed- An Authorized Biography: Vol 1, Jealous in Honour by Tim Heald 1977."

Page 16. Panel 3. Keith Kole writes, "Here's a meeting of two characters - James Bond and Allan Quatermain - both played by Sean Connery in the movies.

I have to wonder about Allan and Mina's clothing choices: Allan in the trench coat reminds me of the hard boiled detectives of film noir and Mina is dressed like one of that genres femme fatales."

Panel 4
. “Just like your grandfather.”
This is confirmation that Campion Bond, seen in the previous volumes of League, is James Bond’s grandfather.

Panel 5. “Is this what it’s come to? The British adventure hero? Pathetic.”
While it is logical that a 19th century British adventure hero (Mina) would find the 20th century British adventure hero (Bond) unsavory and pathetic, the statement might also be seen as a metatextual comment by Moore on the way in which 20th century British adventure fiction, certainly of the first half of the century, overtly displayed biases (see Page 79, Panel 2, for example) which were mostly hidden during the 19th century.
    Jason Powell corrects me: "You say that this dialogue belongs to Mina, but it looked to me that the word balloon was attached to Allan. This struck me as more resonant, since Allan Quatermain is much more the quintessential British adventure hero, and as such more likely to pass judgment on what the archetype has "come to.""
    Tristan Sargent writes, "I'm not sure if it's intentional, but this line actually struck me as alluding back to the first League series.  Allan was, after all, a largely wretched figure in that series, drawing similar comments from Mina - but in particular Moriarty gives a withering condemnation of Allan in issue 6, which I felt Allan's comments here directly recalled, perhaps ironically."

Panel 7. “If he’d been German, he’d have been loyal to Hynkel.”
See Page 47.

Panel 8. “Eurasia” is a reference to 1984. Eurasia, which is Europe, Russia, northern Africa, and the Middle East, is the enemy of Oceania. (Sometimes the enemy of Oceania, as Pádraig Ó Méalóid correctly notes).

“Social– Nuclea– by Gust–“ is a reference to to H.G. Wells’ The Shape of Things to Come (1933), a future history of the world in which a benevolent dictatorship emerges following a deadly plague. In The Shape of Things to Come a Wellsian stand-in, Gustave de Windt, writes a book, Social Nucleation, which
was the first exhaustive study of the psychological laws underlying team play and esprit de corps, disciplines of criminal gangs, spirit of factory groups, crews, regiments, political parties, churches, professionalisms, aristocracies, patriotisms, class consciousness, organized research and constructive cooperation generally. It did for the first time correlate effectively the increasing understanding of individual psychology, with new educational methods and new concepts of political life. In spite of its unattractive title and a certain wearisomeness in the exposition, his book became a definite backbone for the constructive effort of the new time.
Titus Cobbet is a reference to Wells’ The Shape of Things to Come. In The Shape of Things to Come a bicyclist, Titus Cobbett, travels through a ruined Europe and England observing the desolation. He also reports on the death of a “European Aviator,” which could be what the headline on Page 10, Panel 9 is referring to.

I don’t know what “–ipley” might be a reference to. Patricia Highsmith’s Tom Ripley, possibly?

“The Th– Oligarchial Emm–“ is a reference to The Theory and Practice of Oligarchial Collectivism, which in 1984 is “a terrible book, a compendium of all the heresies” and is written by the dissident Emmanuel Goldstein. Pádraig Ó Méalóid adds, "I noticed this description of The Book, as Winston Smith refers to Emmanuel Goldstein's book: "A heavy black volume, amatuerishly bound, with no name or title on the cover." If you leave aside the "amatuerishly bound" bit, this is probably a good description of the book I'm looking at with the dustjacket off, and probably is a good description of the book that Mina and Alan are reading, too."

Panel 9.  “–stasia” is a reference to Eastasia in 1984. Eastasia, which consists of China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, India, the Philippines, Indonesia, and the Middle East, is the smallest and newest of the three superstates.

“Atrocity Pamphlet” may be a reference to the J.G. Ballard novel The Atrocity Exhibition (1970). Chris Nichols, among others, wonders if this is a reference to Charlie Stross' Atrocity Archives: "The Atrocity Archives" deals with British Intelligence's use of and battles against the occult. During the novel, the protaganists visit the Atrocity Archives, a secret museum in the Hague housing the relics of the Nazis' gruesome occult rituals."
     Pádraig Ó Méalóid corrects us: "According to page 121 of my black Penguin Classic edition of Ninteen Eighty-Four, "Julia's unit in the Fiction Department had been taken off the production of novels and was rushing out a series of atrocity pamphlets." This was all in preparation for the forthcoming Hate Week."

“Manor Farm” is a reference to George Orwell’s Animal Farm (1945), in which the revolution of the talking animals takes place at Manor Farm.

I’m not sure what “Harry Blake” might be a reference to. Jonathan Carter wonders if it might be a reference to Sexton Blake's ne'er-do-well brother Harry, who was introduced in a story in either 1905 or 1907. Philip & Emily Graves agree: "It must be Sexton Blake's elder brother Henry. From the Blake Bibliography, which says for 1907: "By far the most important event reported this year is Blake's encounter with his long-lost elder brother, Henry."

I’m not sure what the folder with the stylized letter is a reference to.
Philip & Emily Graves write, "We think that the 'stylised letter' could be Martian, and that this is a Martian/English reference work."

I think the book below that reads “Moreau,” which is a reference to H.G. Wells’ The Island of Dr. Moreau (1896). Dr. Moreau appeared in League v2.

“Gustave de Windt” is a reference to H.G. Wells’ The Shape of Things to Come. (See the note to Panel 8 above).

I’m not sure what “-oy Cars” might be a reference to.
Philip & Emily Graves write, "We suspect that "-oy Cars-" is Roy Carson, a 1940s-50s "square-jawed hardboiled quasi-private eye" created by prolific detective-fiction cover-artist Denis McLoughlin." Andrew Kunka adds a link to Carson's entry on the indispensible Thrilling Detective site.

“St. Merri-- Hospital” is a reference to John Wyndham’s The Day of the Triffids (1953). The Day of the Triffids is a science fiction, horror, post-apocalyptic novel in which a race of carnivorous plants, the triffids, cause the downfall of human civilization. The opening of the novel occurs in St. Merryn’s Hospital.

Page 17. Panel 1. “...how much vipers like Lime actually know...”
See Page 78, Panel 9 for more on “Lime.”

“Drake” is a reference to John Drake, the protagonist of the ITC tv (not BBC--thanks to Zoltán Déry for the correction) series Danger Man (1960-1962). John Drake is an Irish-American spy for a department of NA.T.O. who carries out missions for his superiors even though he often disagrees with them. The Prisoner, which starred Patrick McGoohan (who played John Drake), is unofficially the sequel to Danger Man. In David McDaniel’s Who is No. 2? (1968) it is confirmed that Drake is No. 6, The Prisoner.
    David Alexander McDonald writes:
David MacDaniel's novel is ephemeral, and it was repeatedly stated by McGoohan and various members of the production that The Prisoner is not, in fact, John Drake (despite the John Drake picture X'd out at the beginning of the show.)  These statements from the production end (most recently on the  40th Anniversary DVD release) are hobbled a tiny bit, however, by the appearance of an actor playing a character named Potter in both Danger Man and The Prisoner, albeit the character being quite different in each iteration, by the original reference in the story treatments to the Prisoner as "Drake" (he was referred to as P as pre-production and production went on) and by the repurposing of an unused Danger Man script, "The Girl Who Was Death," in the last four episodes of the series -- and there's that passing reference there to "Drake."  But the official line is that the Prisoner wasn't Drake.  More entertainingly, the producers have been known to  speculate that, given the final episode, the series actually took place with in a virtual reality, or entirely in the Prisoner's mind while he was drugged to the gills.
    Philp & Emily Graves write:
On the 'Drake as Prisoner' suggestion, it should be noted that, although McGoohan and others denied that they were the same character, George Markstein, co-creator of (and script editor on) The Prisoner stated on several occasions that they WERE. One suggestion for the purported confusion is that the character (and name) of John Drake were created and owned by Ralph Smart, so overt identification of the two was either impossible for legal reasons, or undesirable as the rights were not McGoohan's.
Win Eckert writes, "in addition to David McDaniel's novel, the Drake-Prisoner identification was confirmed in the third PRISONER novel, A DAY IN THE LIFE by Hank Stine."

“Meres” is a reference to Toby Meres, who appeared in the British tv series Callan (1967-1972). David Callan, the protagonist, is a bitter, aging assassin for the British S.I.S. Meres is Callan's partner. Lee Barnett corrects my original description of Toby Meres and writes that Meres is "not so much less-skilled, as he is a cold blooded psychopath who enjoys the more violent aspects of the work, whereas Callan hated it, even though the latter was so bloody good at it." David Alexander McDonald writes:
 I adored Callan -- bitterly cynical, wonderful work from Edward Woodward.  Meres wasn't Callan's superior, though -- he was his peer (as
was Cross, after Anthony Valentine left for a while.)  Meres was an arrogant, impulsive, and thoroughly sociopathic twat, a former public schoolboy and Oxford graduate who certainly had ambitions beyond his station; he was, however, unlikely to assume the position of Hunter, which Callan did for a while.  In the initial story, "A Magnum For Schneider" (based on James Mitchell' stage play, and done as an Armchair Theater episode) Meres (played by Peter Bowles rather than Valentine) is asigned to keep an eye on Callan, and then set him up for the police to arrest once he's completed his  mission -- Callan promptly turns the tables and leaves Meres for the cops instead.  As a result Callan ends up with his dossier assigned to a Red File (hence the novel version being called A Red File For Callan; the movie adaptation, with Peter Egan as Meres, is just called Callan.)  The series generally partners Callan and Meres, with Callan as often as not managing to screw Meres over.  All the same, I wouldn't call Meres less skilled or less adept than Callan -- Callan's conscience often gets in the way, although he can summon a vicious coldness when he needs to.  If anything, Meres is sometimes a little exciteable because he enjoys his work.  Cross, on the other hand, was less adept and more vulnerable, which eventually causes his death.  Oh, and after Callan, brainwashed, kills a Hunter at the end of series two, it's Meres that shoots Callan -- and then proceeds to show concern and care, which is really rather freaky.
Damian Gordon writes, ""Drake and Meres" long shot really but the two names together remind me that a game not as often played as "was Number 6 really John Drake?" is "was The Equalizer Robert McCALL really David CALLan?"

Panel 4.  Gadgets and weapons contained in and concealed by James Bond’s pens are a recurring part of the Bond canon.

“The Me– Police C– George— Died on t– August 1898"
Philp & Emily Graves write, "The deceased Police Constable George D[   ] may very well be the one killed by Hawley Griffen back in LoEG V1I5. Furthermore (or alternatively) George D[   ] may be a reference to George Dixon of Dock Green, played by Jack Warner from 1955-76." Jonathan Carter and Christopher Reynolds wonder if this is a dedication to the policeman killed by the Invisible Man in League v2. But I think David A. Simpson has it right: "Jack Warner’s first appearance as PC George Dixon was in the film The Blue Lamp; since Dixon was killed in that film, that may be what the plaque refers to."

Panel 7. Philip & Emily Graves write, "In the 1967 (Actually around 9 years later) film "You Only Live Twice", Bond has a cigarette with shoots a jet-powered projectile."

Page 18. Panel 2. The obelisk is Cleopatra’s Needle, the celebratory obelisk originally constructed for Pharaoh Tuthmosis III, ruler of Egypt’s 18th Dynasty from 1504-1450 B.C.E.

Martin Campbell writes, "The car is a Vauxhall Victor (F-Type). This would have new in 1958, as the model was introduced the previous year. It was exported to North America  as a Pontiac. The Glamcabs from Carry on Cabby were actually Ford Cortina Mark 1."

Panels 2-4. “Glamcabs” is a reference to the film Carry On Cabby (1963). Glamcabs is a taxi company in competition with Speedee Taxis, the service operating by Charlie Hawkins, Carry On Cabby’s protagonist.

It is possible that the driver here is Anthea, from Carry On Cabby, played in the film by Amanda Barrie.

Panel 5. Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "The Gentlemen's Lavatory is possibly a reference to Carry On Screaming, in which Charles Hawtrey plays Dan Dan, a toilet attendant in an underground toilet like the one in the picture."

Panel 7. “He must meet women with names like that all the time.” As indeed Bond does.

Page 19. Panel 1. “Birnley Fabrics” is a reference to the film The Man in the White Suit (1951). In the film Sidney Stratton invents a fabric, later called Birnley Fabrics after the mill owner who produces them, that never gets dirty or wears out.

I’m assuming that the characters in this panel, as in many others in Black Dossier, are references to British comics, but I’m unable to place the references.

Panels 3-5.  “Mr. Kiss” is a Michael Moorcock’s Mother London (1988), a novel about post-WW2 London. One of the main characters is fading theater performer and professional mind-reader Josef Kiss.
    Huw Morgan writes, "Is it just me, or does 'Mr Kiss', the gentleman that Allan and Mina meet briefly outside their lodgings, look a very great deal like the actor Robert Morley?"

Page 20. Panels 2-8.  The landlady stumped me, but not you lot. Chris Roberson, usedcarsrus, and Ian Warren, among others, point out that "The landlady is clearly Mrs. Cornelius, from Moorcock's Jerry Cornelius stories and elsewhere, and her children the younger versions of Jerry, Frank, and Catherine Cornelius, who had the same sort of complicated, incestuous relationship hinted at here."

Panel 2. Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "In 1984 the landlord of the room that Winston Smith and Julia are renting is Mr Charrington, so there's the possibility that this Mrs C is an echo of that, possibly meant to be his wife, nd that by implication Mina and Alan are possibly renting the same room that Winston and Julia are in, or at least there are in a parallel to it. Certainly they seem to be using it for much the same purpose, which is reading the Forbidden Book." Later, Pádraig added, "In the book, there's a woman hanging out the washing just below the window of Winston and Julia's room. This could possibly be Mr Charrington's wife. She is described thus: '... a monstrous woman, solid as a Norman pillar, with brawny red forearms and a sacking apron strapped around her middle...' This is also a reasonable description of Mrs C here."

Panel 3. “Anyroad” is a northern British variant of “anyway.”

Page 21. Panel 1. The “Holborn Empire,” a.k.a the Royal Holborn, a.k.a. Weston’s Music Hall, was a major music hall in Holborn, in central London.

Peter Sanderson notes that "Lewis and Clark" are a reference to "Al Lewis and Willie Clark, the fictional vaudeville team in Neil Simon's 1972 play "The Sunshine Boys," which was made into an MGM film released in 1975. "Lewis and Clark" were based on the real life vaudeville team of Smith and Dale (Joe Smith and Charles Dale)."

I’m unable to place the “Professor Donnol” reference.

“Archie Rice” is a reference to the John Osborne play The Entertainer (1957), later made into the 1960 film The Entertainer. In the play and film Archie Rice is an aging, hard-luck vaudevillian entertainer.

If “lifting you on wings of song” is a reference rather than just an entertainment catchphrase, I’m unaware of it.

“Fevvers” may be a reference to the protagonist of Angela Carter’s Nights at the Circus (1984). Fevvers is a Cockney circus aeralist and showgirl who has wings.

Damian Gordon clears up my confusion: “Mr. J. Stark The Incredible India Rubber Man” is a reference to Janus Stark, a Victorian superhero who appeared in the British comics Smash and Valiant (1969-1973). Stark has very rubbery bones, which gives him superheroic abilities which he uses to fight crime." Pádraig Ó Méalóid adds, "Much as it grieves me to disagree with Damian Gordon, JS actually ran in Valiant until March 1975, and of course gets a walk-on part in Wildstorm’s Albion, which was plotted by Alan Moore, and written by Leah Moore & John Reppion. Lots of useful information about Stark here."

“Comedy of –rthur  -e Washboard -tkins with -er Drawers” is a reference to Paul Whitehouse’s character Arthur Atkinson, played by Whitehouse on the BBC tv show The Fast Show (1994-2000). Arthur Atkinson, a parody of real-life radio comedian Arthur Askey, is a nonsensical comedian, one of whose catchphrases is “Where’s me washboard?” and one of whose characters is “Chester Drawers.” Pól Rua corrects my mistake: "Chester Drawers wasn't a character portrayed by Arthur Atkinson, but rather his less successful and put-upon second banana."
    Tim Anselm adds, "'The Fast Show' book revealed that Arthur Atkinson was a Nazi sympathiser (The 'Arthur Atkinson' story included an archive photo of Arthur with "the founding father of National Socialism himself". So presumably Mina got herself a bargain: the League-verse's Hynkel-worshipping 'Atkins' was surely unpersoned. Thank Goldstein for proles and their flea markets."

Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes that the pink rabbit in the center of the panel, to the right of the iron, is "Pink Rabbit from the book When Hitler Stole Pink Rabbit (1971) by Judith Kerr. This was a semi-autobiographical novel about her childhood, when they had to leave Germany as her father was a wanted man. They had to go suddenly, so many things got left behind, including their toys. Anna, the protagonist of the book, imagines Hitler playing with their games compendium and with Pink Rabbit."

Panel 4. “Or perhaps his tie-clip’s really a radio.”
I’m unaware of Bond ever having a radio transmitter in his tie-clip. However, such a device appeared in the American tv series Search (1972-1973). John Soanes and Dennis Walker note that, in "America," Simon and Garfunkel sang, "I said be careful his bowtie is really a camera."

Page 22. Panel 1. Damian Gordon corrects my confusion here: “Baz” is a riff on the British laundry detergent Daz. Philip & Emily Graves and Guy Lawley, think that it is just Daz, and I'm reading it wrong. (Quite possible. Me old eyes just ain't what they used to be. And the rheumatiz is killin' me....) Mark Irons writes, "On pg. 22 p. 1, the laundry soap is definitely "Daz"; the box is seen in full panel 5 of the preceding page."

Panel 2. In 1984 an “unperson” is someone who has been killed by the government and had his existence officially deleted and erased from all records. Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "I'm going to slightly disagree with you on this, only on the basis that an Unperson does not necessarily have to be dead to have their existence officially deleted. A bit like now, really..."
    KS writes,
Not only a reference to 1984, this also reminds me of the modern term of nonperson. "A non-person is a person or a member of a group who lacks, loses, or is forcibly denied social or legal status, especially basic human rights, or who effectively from a point of view of traceability, documentation or existence, ceases to have a record of their existence within a society."

Unfortunately, this is one of several similarities with the Big Brother-era England of fiction and today's actual Europe (and the Western World in general), a protagonist on the so called "War on Terrorism" and a "Fortress" guarding its shores and cities against undesirable elements (immigrants) that the aforementioned war causes. It's common that such undesirable people may be abducted, tortured, illegally interrogated or disappear completely; or European countries may cooperate and abet to such actions taking place (by some other western power) in their territories.

Panel 5. In 1984 “pornosec” is a section of the Ministry of Truth that produces pornography. Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "Julia worked for Pornosec at one point, which was a sub-section of the Fiction Department: "She [Julia] had even (an infallible mark of good reputation) been picked out to work in Pornosec, the sub-section of the Fiction Department which turned out cheap pornography for distribution among the proles. It was nicknamed Muck House by the people who worked there, she remarked. There she remained for a year, helping to produce booklets in sealed packets with titles like Spanking Stories or One Night in a Girls' School, to be bought furtively by proletarian youths who were under the impression that they were were buying something illegal."

Panel 6. The “Adventures of Jane” was the movie version of Norman Pett’s comic strip “Jane,” which appeared in the British Daily Mirror (1932-1959). Jane is an ingenue who is often inadvertently disrobed. Also see the Tijuana Bible at the back of the Black Dossier. Guy Lawley writes, "The whole sequence of Mina undressing and bathing is a definite nod to the comic strip Jane, a very close echo of at least one (and probably several) sequence(s) in the strip; very close to the style of the strip too."

Pádraig Ó Méalóid schools us Colonials on Jane:
Norman Pett's "Jane's Journal: The Diary of a Bright Young Thing" first appeared in the Daily Mirror on December 5th 1932, with his wife as the model. In 1938 Don Freeman came on board as writer, and in 1939, when his wife decided golf was more interesting than posing for him, Pett found the model who was to become Jane in most people's eyes, Christabel Leighton-Porter. C L-P also played the role of Jane in the 1949 film version of the strip, The Adventures of Jane. In 1948 Pett's assistant Michael Hubbard took over as artist, and the last strip, when Jane finally married her long-standing boyfriend Georgie, was on October 10th 1959.J

Jane was revived in a BBC television series, simply called "Jane," starring Glynis Barber, which ran from August 1982 to September 1984.  

As Leighton-Porter's obituary in The Telegraph put it, "Jane was forever shutting her skirt in doors, reaching for her towel in the bath, or romping unclad in tropical ponds. Even the slightest breeze could reduce her to a bra and frilly cami-knickers."

Jane's popularity with the troops during the Second World War is such that it is said that in 1943, on the first occasion that she lost all her clothes, the British 36th Division immediately gained six miles.

An anecdote from this site is worth repeating:

Christabel's favorite moment from the fame of being Jane occurred when the sexy showgirl, for once demurely dressed, met the then Lord Chamberlain. "Tell me my dear," asked the head of the royal household, "what do you do in your act?" "Well," explained Christabel, "at one stage I turn my back to the audience, take off my bra, and then cover my breasts with my hands as I turn 'round." There was a momentary silence, before the King's sidekick replied, "You must have very large hands."

This action is to some extent mirrored by Mina in Page 23, panels 1 & 2.

However, in the world of LoEG, perhaps the Daily Mirror did not actually run the cartoons, and rather the original appearance was the 1949 film, which would fit in with the chronology of the story rather well. Presumably when AQ refers to "that 'Adventures of Jane' series" he is referring to possibly a collection of Tijuana Bibles (TB) similar to the one bound into this, based on the film, which would have been produced by Pornsec.

Panel 7. "You don't seriously imagine Jane's real? Some chap at Pornsec wrote the lot, I bet."
Danny Sichel writes, "notice that, during Mina's one full-frontal-totally-exposed pose, she's scornfully doubting the premise of the Jane series. "You don't seriously think Jane's real?""
 Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "The fact that Mina's pose is very similar to some of Jane's poses in the cartoons, while Mina's is simultaneously denying the likelihood of Jane's existence is well done. There is also a huge difference between Mina's casualness about her nudity in 1958 and her extremely prim and proper attitude in 1898."

Panel 8. I realize that that is probably a tiger on the mug, but it might also be a reference to Korky the Cat, star of a comic strip in the British comic The Dandy from 1937 to 2005. Jonathan Carter and Myles Lobdell think that it's Tony the Tiger. Greg Baldino says, "yes, that is a box of Frosted Flakes with Tony the Tiger on it. It's based on the original version of the character drawn by Martin Provensen, who did the original Kelloggs' character designs." Philip & Emily Graves agree: "After a closer look, the 'mug' looks more like a box, further implying that this is less a concealed reference as simply a box of (Tony the Tiger emblazoned) Frosties, which first appeared in 1952 - although the design was different."

Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "In 1984, it turns out that a picture on the wall - of St Clement Danes Church on the Strand - was actually a disguised viewing apparatus, leading me to wonder if the picture here is a reflection of that? Probably not, as it would have a church on it, rather than a man and a boy... Besides the box of Frosties behind AQ, the box with SA... SA... on it is probably Saxa Salt, and the sauce bottle beside that look a bit like it might be YR Sauce."


Page 23. Panel 1. The “B.B. Years” is a reference to “the Big Brother Years.”

“Cavor” is a reference to "Professor Selwyn Cavor," from H.G. Wells' The First Men in the Moon (1901). Cavor appeared in League v1.

Panels 3-4. “...he’d been to Jamaica earlier this year...apparently he was there sparring with some mad scientist. Distant relative of our old Limehouse adversary, I’m told.”
This is a reference to Ian Fleming’s Dr. No (1958). In the novel Bond is sent to Jamaica to recover from having been poisoned by Rosa Klebb in From Russia With Love. In Jamaica Bond comes into conflict with Dr. Julius No, a Chinese-German scientist and Russian agent.
    The implication that Dr. No is related to Fu Manchu is a new one, although, as Myles Lobdell points out, "Ian Fleming publicly admitted that Dr. No was directly inspired by his reading Sax Rohmer at Eton. See John Pearson's 1966 biography The Life of Ian Fleming." Neil Chester adds, " I was just wondering if the line about Dr No being related to Fu Manchu isn't, in part, sparked by the fact that Fleming wanted his cousin Christopher Lee to play Dr No and, of course Lee also played Fu Manchu."

Panel 5. “I wonder if he’s still alive? The Devil Doctor?”
    “Not in England. The party purged Limehouse in ’48.”
In The Shadow of Fu Manchu (1948) Fu Manchu has relocated to New York. He would not be active in Limehouse for a number of years.

Panels 6-7. "Something's tucked inside have fallen out."
"Never mind. Probably nothing important."
Steve Higgins writes, "I figured these lines were references to the fact that Moore originally intended there to be additional supplements included in the HC, including the vinyl single, which DC nixed."


Panel 7. "God, look at this dust! This hasn't been opened for ages."
Keith Kole writes, "Call me crazy, but I have to wonder if the Black Dossier didn't fall backwards through time. The last entries are dated 1957, one year before the story starts. How much dust can accumulate in a year?"

Panel 9. “Are you sitting comfortably? Then we’ll begin.”
“Are you sitting comforably? Then I’ll begin” was the opening phrase of Listen with Mother (1950-1982), a BBC radio program for children. Joseph Nevin points out that Moore used this line in V for Vendetta.

Jonathan Carter writes, "Mina and Allan reading the Black Dossier in bed might be a deliberate parallel to 1984's Winston and Julia reading Goldstein's book in bed."

Page 24.  This is all written in newspeak, with newspeak logic.

Gunnar Harboe writes, "While clearly a joke on Newspeak, the text here is also poking fun at the legalese found in copyright notices, legal disclaimers, end-user license agreements (EULAs) and all the other small print we supposedly agree to whenever we pick up a book, play a DVD, install software, or take the plastic wrapping off pretty much anything.

There's also a reference here to T.H. White's The Once and Future King, with the famous dictum "Everything not forbidden is compulsory."


Page 25. For more on “H.W.” see Page 83.

“Greyfriars” is a reference to Greyfriars School, from the hundreds (well over a thousand) of British story paper stories set there and written by “Frank Richards,” a.k.a. Charles Hamilton. Greyfriars is a British public school whose students, including Billy Bunter and the Famous Five, have a wide variety of adventures, from student revolts to attacks by Yellow Perils.
    Myles Lobdell notes, "Greyfriars School is most famously and originally from Thackeray's novels (the Newcomes among others).  It was not original to Charles Hamilton, although Hamilton did move the school from Surrey to Kent."
     Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "It's probably truer to say that Frank Richards simply borrowed the name, rather than suggesting it was the same school."

“R.K.C.” See Page 83.

The “Holmes brothers” are a reference to Sherlock Holmes and Mycroft Holmes. Sherlock appeared in League v1 in flashback. Mycroft has appeared in both League volumes.

“Bessy.” See the notes to Page 86.  

“Gerry O’Brien.” See the notes to Page 13, Panel 2.

“Oliver Haddo” is a reference to W. Somerset Maugham’s novel The Magician (1907). Haddo was based on Aleister Crowley, and Crowley later used “Oliver Haddo” as a pseudonym. In The Magician Haddo (a version of Dr. Moreau) attempts to use magic to create life.
     Pádraig Ó Méalóid writes, "W Somerset Maugham met Aleister Crowley in Paris in 1897, and they disliked one another on sight, apparently. Maugham recollects meeting Crowley in this extract from A Fragment of Autobiography, written nearly fifty years later, which was included with later editions of The Magician."

“Trump” See Page 29.

“Prospero” is a reference to William Shakespeare’s The Tempest (1611). In the play Prospero, a wizard and the deposed Duke of Milan, gets up to hijinks on an island.

“Fanny Hill” is a reference to John Cleland’s Fanny Hill, Or, Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure (1749). Fanny Hill, one of the most notable early works of English pornography, tells of Mistress Hill’s erotic exploits.

I’ve been unable to determine whether “Humphreys” is a reference to a real-life person or a fictional one, and to who. Myles Lobdell believes that it is a reference to "Mrs. Humphrey's, a print shop owner in late Georgian, Regency England.  Made famous in cartoons by Theodore Lane and James Gillray."

“Les Hommes Mysterieux” means “The Mysterious Men” in French. “Der Zwielichthelden” means “The Twilight Heroes” in German.
    Eduard Hapsburg writes, "does it make sense to point out to Alan Moore that the TWILIGHT HEROES are written wrong in German several times in the BLACK DOSSIER? It is DIE ZWIELICHT-HELDEN (with a dash, I'm afraid), definitely NOT "DER Zwielicht..." and much more definitely not "Zweilicht". Except, of course, if Alan Moore is poking fun at wrong spelling of german in old war comics ("Donner und Blitzen!!")."

“Rt. Hon. Bertram Wooster” is a reference to the immortal Jeeves & Wooster stories of P.G. Wodehouse. See Page 116 for more.

“Joan Warralson” is a reference to W.E. Johns’ Worrals, who appeared in a number of stories in Girl’s Own Paper and eleven novels from 1940 to 1950. She is a smart, independent, patriotic, and fearless pilot for the Woman’s Auxiliary Air Force during World War Two. She is a member of the 1946-1947 League. (See Page 148 below).

“Sal Paradyse” is a reference to Sal Paradise, the narrator of Jack Kerouac’s On the Road (1957). On the Road, the major novel of the Beat movement, is a stream-of-consciousness account of Kerouac and his friends traveling across America.

“Dr. Sachs” is a reference the titular character of Jack Kerouac’s Dr. Sax (1959). Dr. Sax is a scientist who travels to Lowell, Massachusetts, to destroy the Great World Snake, a Jörmungandr-like monster.

Page 26/On the Descent of Gods 1. "Haddo is what you'd call a 'black magician' who worked for us during WWII."
Robert Scott Martin writes, "the specifics of Crowley's wartime activities are controversial, but a good account is here. (As trivia, the Ian Fleming connection apparently resulted in Le Chiffre from Casino Royale being based on this particular "shady character.")"


Myles Lobdell notes that "On the Descent of Gods' is taken from Charles Darwin's paeon to human evolution, the Descent of Man."

The “fire at his Staffordshire estate in 1908” is a reference to the finale of The Magician, in which Skene, Haddo’s mansion, burns to the ground.

"...finally died destitute in Hastings a few years ago in 1947."
Robert Scott Martin notes that Haddo shares a death year with Crowley.


I believe “The Solstice” is a reference to Aleister Crowley’s magazine The Equinox (1909-1913, then intermittently). The Equinox is the official magazine of A:A:, the magic order Crowley established in 1907.

“...my own Liber Logos, dictated by an unseen presence in Cairo during 1904.” This is a further reference to things Aleister Crowley-an. “Liber Logos” means “Book of the Word” and is an analogue for Crowley’s own Liber Al vel Legis, the “Book of the Law,” which was supposedly dictated to Crowley by the Egyptian god Horus in Cairo in 1904.
    Jamaal White writes, "Liber legis was supposedly dictated by Aiwass (Crowley's holy guardian angel who in this case served as a middleman for 3 different gods nuit, hadit and ra hoor khuit (horus) although it did anounce the aeon of horus."

The “Elohim” are, in Genesis 6:2, a kind of angel who take the “daughters of men” for wives. Jason Adams writes, "In several cases in the Hebrew Bible, Elohim seems to refer to the God of Israel. (It is the third word in the Hebrew text of Genesis, for example.) In other instances, as you noted, it seems to refer to a class of angelic beings that came to Earth to mate with human women. I've read some theories that the use of Elohim, a word that can be a plural noun, in the early biblical texts is a remnant from even sacred texts of ancient polytheistic religious traditions of the Middle East. Additionally, the Raelian Movement (a UFO/sex cult) interprets Elohim to mean "those who came from the sky"--extraterrestrials that created life on Earth."

The “Great Old Ones” are a reference to the works of H.P. Lovecraft. In Lovecraft’s “Cthulhu Mythos” stories the Great Old Ones are a group of alien god-like beings of enormous size and power who transcend our understanding of time and space. They are currently imprisoned or sleeping but can be awakened by cultist worshipers.

“Johannes Suttle” is a reference to “Subtle,” from in Ben Jonson’s play The Alchemist (1610). Subtle is a rogue who poses as an alchemist.

In the fictional literary history of the Necronomicon (see below) as described by Lovecraft, the only reference to a 16th century translation is this, in Lovecraft’s “The History and Chronology of the Necronomicon": “A still vaguer rumor credits the preservation of a 16th century Greek text in the Salem family of Pickman; but if it was so preserved, it vanished with the artist R. U. Pickman , who disappeared early in 1926.”

In the works of Lovecraft “Abdul Alhazred” is the unfortunate 8th century Arab writer of the Al-Azif, which later became known as the Necronomicon (see below). Alhazred is known as the “Mad Arab” in the Lovecraft stories, and for good reason.

“Necronomicon” is a reference to the Necronomicon, which in the works of Lovecraft is a tome of forbidden knowledge so horrifying that it drives those who read it mad.

“Yuggoth” is, in the works of Lovecraft, another planet. In “The Whisperer in Darkness” Lovecraft describes Yuggoth in this way:
Yuggoth... is a strange dark orb at the very rim of our solar system... There are mighty cities on Yuggoth—great tiers of terraced towers built of black stone... The sun shines there no brighter than a star, but the beings need no light. They have other subtler senses, and put no windows in their great houses and temples... The black rivers of pitch that flow under those mysterious cyclopean bridges—things built by some elder race extinct and forgotten before the beings came to Yuggoth from the ultimate voids—ought to be enough to make any man a Dante or Poe if he can keep sane long enough to tell what he has seen...
Michael Prior writes, "I always understood that by "Yuggoth" the then newly discovered planet Pluto was meant, 'appropriately' named after the  Greek god of Hell/the Underworld. (Pluto was discovered in  February 1930, by which time Lovecraft started to write on  "The Whisperer in Darkness".)"

“Kutulu” is a reference to Cthulhu, one of the Lovecraftian Great Old Ones and a being trapped beneath the Pacific Ocean. “Kutulu” is one of the variant spellings of Cthulhu.

“A-Tza-Thoth” is a reference to Azathoth, one of the Lovecraftian Outer Gods (more powerful versions of the Great Old Ones). Azathoth, the “Blind Idiot God,” is described in “The Whisperer in Darkness” in this way: “the monstrous nuclear chaos beyond angled space which the Necronomicon had mercifully cloaked under the name of Azathoth.”

“Shub-Niggurath,” in the works of Lovecraft, is an alien being similar to the Great Old Ones. Shug-Niggurath is the “Black Goat of the Woods with a Thousand Young,” a fecund being who gives birth to monstrosities.

“N’Yala-Thoth-Ep” is a reference to Nyarlathotep, one of the Outer Gods in the Lovecraftian mythos. Nyarlathotep, a.k.a. “The Crawling Chaos” and “The Three-Lobed Burning Eye,” is an ill-defined and amorphous being who “had risen up out of the blackness of twenty-seven centuries.”

“The Haunter of the Dark” is a reference to the Lovecraft story “The Haunter of the Dark” (Weird Tales, Dec. 1936). In the story a younger writer, Robert Blake, has an unfortunate encounter with “the Haunter of the Dark,” an avatar of Nyarlathotep. Micah Harris expands on this: " I didn't notice anyone pointing out that Robert Blake in the "The Haunter of the Dark" is supposed to be based on a young Robert Bloch. According to the "Encyclopedia Cthulhiana," Lovecraft chose "Blake" as Robert's surname as a play on "Bloch." Robert Bloch had killed a character who was supposed to be Lovecraft in his story "The Shambler from the Stars" as a tribute of sorts (I believe he got Lovecraft's permission to do so), so Lovecraft playfully did the same to Bloch/Blake in "The Haunter of the Dark.""

“Elder Gods” is a reference to a class of beings in Cthulhu Mythos stories written after Lovecraft’s death. In Lovecraft’s fiction the Outer Gods and the Great Old Gods are not deliberately inimical to humanity–rather, they are simply uncaring, as we are beneath their notice. After Lovecraft’s death August Derleth, in his story “The Return of Hastur,” proposed that the Great Old Gods were evil and were opposed by “the Elder Gods, of cosmic good.”

“R’Lyeh” is a reference to the city of R’lyeh, submerged beneath the Pacific Ocean and home to Cthulhu, who is not dead, only sleeping.

“Qlippothic” is a reference to the qlippoth, the cause of evil and suffering in Jewish mystical traditions, especially the Kabbalah.

In the Cthulhu Mythos the “‘Tcho-Tcho’ people” are an “abominable” race of short, hairless Burmese.

“Zara’s Kingdom” appears in Gilbert & Sullivan's Utopia Limited; or, The Flowers of Progress (1893).

Page 27/On the Descent of Gods 2. “The Arctic kingdom of Hyperborea” is a reference to Hyperborea, which in Greek mythology was the land “beyond the north wind,” far to the North. Myles Lobdell adds, "I think it would be useful to also touch on the fact that Hyperborea played an important role as a lost continent in theosophy (starting with Madame Blatavsky, as touched on by De Camp in his book Lost Continents), but, more importantly in this context that it was used by Clark Ashton Smith as a setting for his "Hyperborean cycle" of short fantasy stories that have become part of the Cthulu mythos; indeed, H.P. Lovecraft incorporated some of the fantasy elements first introduced here into his later stories." Peter Gilham noted that Hyperborea also appears in Robert E. Howard's work.

“Crom” appears in the fantasies of Robert E. Howard. Crom is the grim, brooding god worshiped by the barbarian Cimmerians, of whom Conan is one.

The “Melnibonean Empire” is the decadent empire from which came Elric in the “Elric of Melnibone” books of Michael Moorcock.

“Lords of Order warring endlessly with Lords of Chaos” is a reference to the Eternal Champion book cycle of Michael Moorcock, in which Law and Chaos, represented by the Lords of both, are in perpetual metaphysical struggle.

Arioch is one of the Lords of Chaos in the Moorcock books. He is the “Knight of Swords” and is the patron god of Elric.

Pyaray is another of the Lords of Chaos. He is an enormous red octopus and is the “Tentacled Whisperer of Impossible Secrets.”

"...devastation unimagined until last year's development and demonstration by our allies in America of the Atomic bomb."
Greg Daly writes,